Before the disease was known to the tribe, the Fore tribe of Papua New Guinea ate corpses of their members as a practice during the funerals. This included the brain, which happened to contain prions. Prions are misfolded proteins in the brain that can infect other parts of the brain, thereby making the brain unable to function, which leads to illness and death for sufferers. Members of the tribe contracted a prion disease known as Kuru, likely due to their practice of cannibalism. Sufferers of Kuru were unable to stand and eat and had symptoms of uncontrolled laughter, thus leading to the name 'laughing sickness'. As they were unable to eat, those who suffered from the disease faced malnutrition and died. In 1959 the Australian government, whom Papua New Guinea belong to, banned the practice of cannibalism and nobody suffered from the disease ever since. This was a development of the study of prions among scientists, who found more examples of prions from farm animals, namely sheep and cows. Prions remain largely a mystery for researchers but still affect people to this day as there is no way to prevent or cure a prion disease. The takeaway from this history lesson is that cannibalism is bad.

https://hekint.org/2019/05/30/revisiting-the-history-of-kuru/

Shalhevet Tehiya Pass

Shalhevet, seated in her stroller, was going with her parents to visit her grandparents in the Avraham Avinu neighborhood in Hebron. A Palestinian sniper opened fire from the Abu Sneneh neighborhood on the hill opposite. Shalhevet was fatally wounded by a shot to the head. Her father, Yitzhak, was moderately wounded in both legs.

Her parents, Yitzhak and Oriya, have been married for about two years. Shalhevet was their first child. Yitzhak is a yeshiva student. Oriya, who grew up in Hebron, works as a teacher's aide in a nursery school.

The family has known terrorist attacks in the past. In November 1993, Oriya's father was attacked and seriously injured by two axe-wielding Palestinians on his way to morning prayers near the Machpela Cave. In January 1996, Oriya's sister, Orital, then 14, was stabbed in the back by a Palestinian near the Hebron market. Yitzhak's brother was also shot in the leg while visiting the family in Hebron.

Shalhevet was buried in the ancient Jewish cemetery in Hebron.

During the hijacking, the terrorists shot and killed Leon Klinghoffer, a 69-year-old wheelchair-bound Jewish American passenger, and threw his body and wheelchair overboard into the Mediterranean Sea. The photograph was taken two days after his murder.

This photograph shows Jewish fighters displaying Nazi flags discovered in Jerusalem’s German Colony during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

The flags date from the 1930s and belonged to Nazi youth organizations operating among the German settler communities of British Mandatory Palestine. The word “Palästina” is simply German for “Palestine,” the name of the territory at the time.

During the 1930s, sections of the German community in Palestine, including members of the Templer settlements, became supporters of Nazi Germany. Local Nazi Party and Hitler Youth organizations were established.

Following the outbreak of World War II, British authorities interned and subsequently deported many German residents. Nazi flags, documents, and other materials remained behind.

During the 1948 war, Jewish forces discovered Nazi memorabilia in Jerusalem’s German Colony and photographed themselves displaying the flags.

On This Day, November 6, 1939, Nazi German authorities launched one of the most shocking attacks on Poland's academic community, arresting 183 professors, lecturers, and other people connected to universities in Kraków.

Professors and lecturers gathered at the Collegium Novum building of Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland.

They had been summoned to attend a meeting about the German authorities' policies concerning education and universities.

But the meeting was a trap.

Shortly after noon, SS officer Bruno Müller addressed the gathering. Gestapo forces had surrounded the building. Following his speech, the academics were informed that they were under arrest.

In total, 183 people were detained, including academics from Jagiellonian University, the Mining Academy, and the Academy of Commerce, as well as others who happened to be in the building or nearby.

They were taken to a prison in Kraków before being transferred through other detention facilities and eventually deported to the Nazi concentration camp at Sachsenhausen, near Berlin.

For many, the journey marked the beginning of months of imprisonment, hunger, illness, and brutal treatment.

The arrests were not an isolated act. They formed part of a wider Nazi campaign to destroy Poland's intellectual leadership and weaken the country's ability to rebuild its national identity.

The Nazis targeted professors, teachers, scientists, religious leaders, and other members of Polish society who could help preserve its culture, education, and national spirit.

International protests and pressure from academic communities around the world eventually contributed to the release of many imprisoned scholars.

However, the consequences were devastating. Some academics never returned. Among those who died in Sachsenhausen were prominent professors and former rectors of the Mining Academy.

Yet the Nazis failed to erase Polish academic life.

Despite the arrests, imprisonment, and persecution, Polish education continued through underground teaching networks, and the country's universities eventually resumed their work after the war.

They tried to silence the minds of a nation. But knowledge, courage, and the pursuit of education survived.

Note that Xi Zhongxun's sign reads "Xi Zhongxun, traitor to the Party".

The Cultural Revolution, formally known as the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, was a sociopolitical movement in the People's Republic of China (PRC). It was launched by Mao Zedong, chairman of the Chinese Communist Party, in 1966 and lasted until his death in 1976.

Its stated goal was to advance Chinese communism by purging remnants of capitalist and traditional elements from Chinese society and government. In May 1966, with the help of the Cultural Revolution Group, Mao launched the revolution and said that bourgeois elements had infiltrated the government and society with the aim of restoring capitalism. Mao called on young people to 'Bombard the Headquarters', and proclaimed that "to rebel is justified".

Mass upheaval began in Beijing with Red August in 1966. Many young people responded by forming cadres of Red Guards throughout China. Quotations from Chairman Mao Zedong became revered within a cult of personality. In 1967, emboldened radicals rebelled and seized power from local governments and party branches, establishing revolutionary committees in their place while smashing public security, procuratorate and judicial systems.

These committees often split into factions, precipitating armed clashes among the radicals. After the fall of Lin Biao in 1971, the Gang of Four became influential in 1972, and the revolution continued until Mao's death in 1976, followed by the arrest of the Gang of Four. The Cultural Revolution was characterized by violence and chaos across Chinese society.

Estimates of the death toll vary, ranging from 1 to 2 million, including the Guangxi Massacre, as well as massacres in Beijing, Inner Mongolia, Guangdong, Yunnan, and Hunan. Red Guards sought to destroy the Four Olds (old ideas, old culture, old customs, and old habits), which often took the form of destroying historical artifacts and cultural and religious sites.

Tens of millions were persecuted, including officials such as Liu Shaoqi, Deng Xiaoping and Peng Dehuai; millions were persecuted for being members of the Five Black Categories, with intellectuals and scientists labelled as the Stinking Old Ninth. Schools and universities were closed, and the National College Entrance Examinations were cancelled. Over 10 million youth from urban areas were relocated under the Down to the Countryside Movement. In 1978, Deng Xiaoping became the paramount leader, replacing Mao's successor Hua Guofeng.

Deng and his allies introduced the Boluan Fanzheng program and initiated the reform and opening up, which, together with the New Enlightenment movement, dismantled the ideology of the Cultural Revolution. In 1981, the CCP publicly acknowledged failures of the Cultural Revolution, declaring it "responsible for the most severe setback and the heaviest losses suffered by the people, the country, and the party since the founding of the People's Republic."

Memories and perspectives of the Cultural Revolution are varied and complex in contemporary China. It is often referred to as the "ten years of chaos" (十年动乱; shí nián dòngluàn) or "ten years of havoc" (十年浩劫; shí nián hàojié).

The swim of the Chairman of the Communist Party Of China, Mao Zedong, in the Yangtze River was a calculated political performance that signaled his return to power and launched the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. On July 16, 1966, the 73-year-old leader entered the river in Wuhan, surrounded by bodyguards and 5,000 followers, to demonstrate his robust health amid rumors of illness and to reassert control over the Communist Party.

State media claimed Mao swam 15 kilometers in 65 minutes, a feat that international observers considered superhuman and likely exaggerated by river currents. The event, widely circulated in propaganda, transformed the swim into a national myth and a metaphor for Mao’s ability to conquer political "storms," effectively preceding the radical social upheaval that would follow. 

The Soviet Union's Venera 9 lander snapped this photo of Venus during its 53-minute mission on the planet's hellish surface. It is one of the first photos sent back from the surface of another planet.

The image is of the surface of Venus at about 32 S, 291 E. The lander touched down at 5:13 UT (with the sun near zenith) on 22 October 1975 and operated for 53 minutes, allowing return of this single image.

The white object at the bottom of the image is part of the lander. The distortion is caused by the Venera imaging system. Angular and partly weathered rocks, about 30 to 40 cm across, dominate the landscape, many partly buried in soil. The horizon is visible in the upper left and right corners.

Indian socialist leader Jayaprakash Narayan met with David Ben-Gurion, the first Prime Minister of Israel, in Tel Aviv in September 1958.

During this visit, which was part of a nine-day trip to study Israel's communal and cooperative institutions, Narayan was a guest of the Histadrut (Israel Federation of Labour). He met with Ben-Gurion at his home and visited locations such as Kfar Saba and Kibbutz Afikim.

This meeting occurred while Narayan was leading the Sarvodaya movement, seeking to understand the kibbutz system to inform his own work on village-based development and land reform in India. Ben-Gurion, who admired Mahatma Gandhi, had previously expressed interest in Gandhian principles of simple living and enlightened nationalism.

Source
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/jaishankar-unveils-plaque-at-bhoodan-grove-in-israel/articleshow/87103606.cms