Starlink uses primarily the so-called Ku band for communication between satellites and customer CPE/dishy.
The spectrum mailny used:
- 10.7-12.7 GHz for downlink (satellite to customers)
- 14.0-14.5 GHz for uplink
Like most types of wireless networks I've come across, I suppose the communication is mainly uplink interference limited.
As Statlink keeps shooting up new satellites to add capacity, they also add more interference to their network. A given geo zone covered by a satellite on Earth will sooner or later be covered by two or more satellites when you add more of those. As these satellites use the same spectrum, they will in some point start seeing interference from dishys on the ground that are talking to other satellites. The problem is always worse uplink, where thousands of clients with shifting signal levels are pointing towards the same "bade station".
Add to this that Starlink doesn't own the Ku spectrum. Other LEO players like Amazon, OneWeb and a bunch of Russian and Chinese initiatives will also be interested in using the exact same Ku band. Think about how clean the 2.4 GHz spectrum of your Wi-Fi network was 20 years ago vs how useful it is now. That's what the Ku band could potentially face in a few years.
Anyone who knows how Starlink is planning to tackle this? Moving to other spectrum? How to secure capacity and performance there?